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Hindu time divides the day into 60 ghati counted from sunrise — not midnight. Each ghati has 60 pal, each pal 60 vipal: 1 ghati = 24 minutes, 1 pal = 24 seconds, 1 vipal = 0.4 seconds. Time elapsed since sunrise expressed in ghati–pal is the ishtkaal, the value classical panchang and kundali calculations use.
Clock time → Ghati · Pal · Vipal
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Ghati · Pal · Vipal → Clock time
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Units
| 1 ghati (घटी) | 24 min |
| 1 pal (पल) = 1/60 ghati | 24 s |
| 1 vipal (विपल) = 1/60 pal | 0.4 s |
| 1 muhurta = 2 ghati | 48 min |
| 1 day (sunrise to sunrise) | 60 ghati |
Calculated for the selected date and location.